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On
Gandhi’s first entry into the city of Ahmedabad after the
historic march to Dandi twelve months ago, people were drawn to
him as towards a magnet…they waited for hours on the river sands
to hear one who was the quintessence of their conscious and
subconscious will… |
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Replying
to the citizens’ address, Gandhi justified the provisional
settlement and asked the people to respect it in letter and
spirit, for, though it did not give Swaraj, it opened the second
door to it … he advised the people to achieve communal unity,
eradicate the drink evil, banish foreign cloth and produce
Khaddar, which would not only help them in increasing their
power but also in securing complete independence. |
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003 |
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For the
children his message was, “The history of the world speaks
loudly about the actions of children. So, I expect much from you
in the struggle ahead…” |
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004 |
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At the
volunteers’ rally in Bombay, Jawaharlal Nehru, the Congress
President, after paying a tribute to the brave comrades,
reaffirmed, “it is truce not peace…the Congress stands by the
independence resolution.” |
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Jawaharlal Nehru characterized Gandhi as the father and
apostle of the Indian revolution. The Congress President
said, “ By the sheer force of his personality and intense
patriotism, he was always commanded our obedience…”
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006 |
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In the
third week of March, Gandhi and his colleagues were given a
reception the like of which Bombay had seldom witnessed…
Jawaharlal
Nehru exhorted the citizens to keep up the spirit of the
independence pledge and assured them, “Our ideal is unchanged”. |
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007 |
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Gandhi
stressed the importance of compromise. “ New age has now begun…
For full twelve months we have developed a war mentality. Now we
have tossing a completely different tune… The Satyagrahi while
he is ready to fight must be equally eager for peace. The
essential condition of compromise is that there should be
nothing humiliating and nothing panicky about it...” |
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He
declared that he did not conceive of any Swaraj in which the
workers and the peasants had no hand in the administration of
the state. |
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Congratulating the workers at a Khadi center, Gandhi stressed
the importance of constructive work as a preparation for Swaraj. |
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010 |
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Gandhi
held the Congress Volunteers and their work in esteem and asked
them to be prepared both for peace and war… and said that he
would not accept any scheme of Swaraj which did not contain the
substance of independence. “Let us carry on the process of
self-purification with greater faith so that we may grow in
strength day by day…” |
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Despite
Gandhi’s desperate pleading, Bhagat Singh, Rajguru and Sukhdev
were executed on the eve of the Karachi Congress, Gandhi felt
that the execution of the three patriots had increased the
nation’s power to win freedom. |
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The
Karachi Congress convened under the shadow of Bhagat Singh’s
execution truly represented the temper of the country at the
moment… As Gandhi arrived, the demonstrators greeted him with
black flags and shouts of “Down with Gandhism”, and “Long live
Bhagat Singh”. Gandhi received them sweetly and smilingly
accepted the black flowers and their indignation completely
subsided. |
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The
Congress had a strong contingent of “Khudai Khidmatgars”-
servants of God. They had played a conspicuous part in the civil
disobedience movement in the Frontier Province under the
leadership of Abdul Gaffar Khan called Frontier Gandhi. |
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The annual
session of the Congress met under the presidentship of Sardar
Vallabhbhai Patel on March 29, 1931. The Congress represents and
exists for the millions” was the refrain of the President’s
address. |
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At the
Congress, the awakened spirit of the people was very much in
evidence…
It adopted
a charter of fundamental rights embodying Gandhi’s eleven points
and a few more introduced by Jawaharlal Nehru enumerating civic
liberties, universal adult suffrage, free and compulsory
education, and nationalization of key industries and stressed
the secular character of the state.
Thus, the
Congress took a step in the socialist direction to lessen the
burden of the poor…
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The
Congress session marked the pinnacle of Gandhi’s popularity and
prestige with the people…
The
Congress ratified the Gandhi-Irwin agreement and appointed
Gandhi as the sole congress representative at the Round Table
Conference. |
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Gandhi
said that his death could not kill Gandhism, which was the cult
of non-violence and love and appealed to young men to come out
and embrace his creed. |
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018 |
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Gandhi
was confident that God’s covenant, that those who tread on
the straight and narrow path shall never come to grief,
would inspire the people with faith and hope and that the
poor man’s Swaraj would Soon come through the chosen path of
truth and non-violence.”…Purna Swaraj is not a pious with
to-day. It is the incessant yearning of the soul of the
nation. I aspire for Ramraj or Government of peace and love…
This is my only dream.”
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019 |
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The
Karachi Congress gave Gandhi an unrestricted mandate and
invested him with full authority to speak and act in the name of
the country. |
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